PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Names and Identifiers

Name	Dibutyl phthalate
Synonyms	DBP ARALDITE RESIN Butyl phthalate N-BUTYL PHTHALATE Dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl-o-phthalate Di-n-butyl phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate(DBP) Diisobutyl Phthalate(DIBP) PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER Phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Dibutyl phthalate,abbreviation PHTHALIC ACID DI-N-BUTYL ESTER PHTHALIC ACID, BIS-BUTYL ESTER dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate O-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butylester
CAS	84-74-2
EINECS	201-557-4
InChIKey	DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C16H22O4
Molar Mass	278.34
Density	1.043 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point	-35 °C (lit.)
Boling Point	340 °C (lit.)
Flash Point	340°F
Water Solubility	Slightly soluble. 0.0013 g/100 mL
Solubility	Soluble in water (0.4 mg/ml at 20 °C), ethanol. Very soluble in ether, acetone, and B
Vapor Presure	1 mm Hg ( 147 °C)
Vapor Density	9.6 (vs air)
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Specific Gravity	1.049 (20/20℃)
Color	APHA: ≤10
Exposure Limit	NIOSH REL: TWA 5 mg/m3, IDLH 4,000 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: TWA5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3.
Merck	14,3035
BRN	1914064
Storage Condition	2-8°C
Sensitive	Easily absorbing moisture
Explosive Limit	0.47%, 236°F
Refractive Index	n20/D 1.492(lit.)
MDL	MFCD00009441
Physical and Chemical Properties	properties colorless oily liquid soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and benzene.
Use	Mainly used as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride and other plasticizers; General Chemical analysis reagents for gas chromatography stationary liquid; Used as solvents, pesticides, plasticizers

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Risk and Safety

Risk Codes	R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable
Safety Description	S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition.
UN IDs	UN 3082 9/PG 3
WGK Germany	2
RTECS	TI0875000
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	29173100
Hazard Class	9
Packing Group	III
Toxicity	Acute oral LD50 for rats 8,000 mg/kg (RTECS, 1985).

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials

Phthalic anhydride
Sodium carbonate
Sulfuric acid
1-Octanol
2-Methyl-1-propanol
1-Butanol

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Reference

Reference

1. [IF=2.329] Dong Tian et al."Characterization of Farfarae Flos by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting and Chemometrics."Anal Lett. 2015;48(1):127-136
2. [IF=7.963] Ming Li et al."Sensitive and selective determination of butyl benzyl phthalate from environmental samples using an enzyme immunoassay."Sci Total Environ. 2019 Oct;687:849

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Introduction

Open Data Unverified Data

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the most commonly used plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride, which can make the product have good flexibility but poor durability. Stability, flex resistance, adhesion and water resistance are better than other plasticizers. Dibutyl phthalate is commonly used as an additive for adhesives and printing inks. Soluble in a variety of organic solvents, such as alcohols, ethers and benzene. DBP is also used as an ectoparasite.

dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a kind of excellent plasticizer, is a kind of plasticizer in the largest output and dosage, is a general type. For a variety of resins with good dissolution capacity, used as the main plasticizer, with light color, low toxicity, good electrical properties, low volatility, small odor and low temperature resistance.

but some studies suggest that dibutyl phthalate is an environmental endocrine disruptor, which has a significant interference effect on animal estrogen. Some scholars believe that women absorb too high a dose of phthalate esters, will increase the risk of breast cancer in women, and may endanger their future reproductive system development of male babies.

Last Update：2024-04-17 12:38:04

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

colorless and transparent oily liquid, slightly aromatic, flammable. The relative density was 1. 045. Freezing point -35 °c. Boiling point 335 °c. Ignition point 202 °c. Flash point 171 °c. Refractive index 4926. The vapor pressure (150 °c) was 146. Heat of vaporization: 284 J/g. Specific heat capacity 1. 79J/(g-°c). Viscosity (25 °c) 16. 3MPa. s. Soluble in common organic solvents and hydrocarbons. 25 ° C in water dissolved 0. 03%, water dissolved in this product 0. 4%.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

The esterification reaction was carried out under normal pressure with phthalic anhydride and n-butanol as raw materials and sulfuric acid as catalyst. After completion of the reaction, the reaction was neutralized with alkali and washed with water, followed by dealcoholization and pressure filtration to obtain a finished product.

Last Update：2022-01-01 10:44:17

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Introduction

Soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone and benzene, almost insoluble in water. It is irritating to eyes, snoring system and skin.

Last Update：2022-10-16 17:29:18

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Application

Open Data Verified Data

This product is a plasticizer, non-toxic. Mainly used as polyvinyl chloride plasticizer, can make the product has good flexibility. Because of its relatively low price and good processability, it is widely used in China, almost equivalent to DOP. But its volatility and water extraction is large, and the durability of the product is poor, should gradually limit its use. This product is an excellent plasticizer for nitrocellulose, and has strong gelation ability. For nitrocellulose coating, has excellent softening effect, stability, adhesion. This product can also be used as polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resin, ethyl cellulose, natural and synthetic rubber, and organic glass and plasticizer.

Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

the toxicity of this product is low, and the average oral LD50 of animals is 8 g/kg. Some people exposed to this product may be allergic to skin. The maximum allowable concentration in air is 5 mg/m3. Britain, Germany, the United States, France, Japan, Italy and other countries are allowed for contact with food plastic products. The equipment should be sealed, and the operator should wear protective equipment.
packaged in iron drum. 180kg/barrel. Store in a dry ventilated place. Attention should be paid to the prevention of rain, sun protection and fire prevention. The materials shall be stored and transported according to general regulations.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Emergency treatment

on-site ventilation to eliminate all fire hazards. Emergency personnel must wear protective equipment to enter the site. Vermiculite, dry sand, soil or similar adsorbent is used to adsorb the leakage and collect it in a closed container.
at work site, ventilation should be strengthened and pyrotechnic works should not be allowed. Operators should wear clean protective equipment (preferably made of butyl, chloroprene, nitrile or synthetic rubber), wear chemical protection mirrors, and select appropriate respirators. When there is a high concentration of this product in the air, wear a type of industrial gas mask, and add a filter when there is aerosol. Filter type a gas mask is used. When synthesizing and applying this product, especially when heating this product or the plastic containing this product, it should be sealed to prevent the overflow of vapor and mist. Regular examination of the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system.
immediately after contact with eyes or skin, rinse with running water. After inhalation, move the mouth patient to a place with fresh air and give oxygen or artificial respiration if necessary. After ingestion, gargle and drink plenty of water. Personal protection and precautions:
fire extinguishing method: Use dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam.
waste disposal method: incineration method.

Last Update：2024-04-17 09:56:18

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Storage and Transportation characteristics

Open Data Unverified Data

[Operation note]

closed operation, strengthen ventilation. Operators must be specially trained and strictly follow the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter gas masks (half face mask), chemical safety glasses, anti-virus penetration work clothes and rubber oil-resistant gloves. Stay away from fire and heat source. No smoking is allowed in the workplace. The use of explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment. Prevent vapor leakage into the workplace air. Avoid contact with oxidants and acids. Handling should be light and light unloading, to prevent packaging and container damage. Fire fighting equipment and emergency treatment equipment for leakage shall be provided with corresponding varieties and quantities. Harmful substances may remain in the empty container.

[precautions for storage]

store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. It should be stored separately from oxidants and acids, and mixed storage should not be avoided. With the corresponding varieties and quantity of fire fighting equipment. The storage area shall be equipped with emergency treatment equipment for leakage and appropriate containment materials.

Last Update：2024-04-17 12:39:40

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Health hazards

The Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER) of the European Commission concluded on the basis of urine samples of different ages, it is believed that the total exposure of individuals to dibutyl phthalate in the general population is lower than the daily tolerated intake (TDI), and efforts to reduce exposure are only needed in some special populations.

Human

The most sensitive person can smell the threshold concentration of 0.00026mg/L. The threshold concentration of this product on the light reflex of the eye is 0.00016mg/L, and the threshold concentration of the brain bioelectric activity is 0.00011~0.00012mg/L. Plasticizer production workers may suffer from multiple neuritis, spinal neuritis and multiple neuritis of the brain. Effect on skin and eyes: This product can be absorbed by a small amount of intact skin. Skin and eye mucosa after a contact with this product, does not cause irritation, and repeated contact can be seen in severe irritation. According to some experimental data, it can cause mild sensitization.

to animal

LD50 = 25mg/L for mice inhaled aerosol for 2 hours. During the poisoning, there was strong irritation to the mucosa of the eye and upper respiratory tract, Dyspnea, ataxia, hind limb paralysis; Some animals presented with superficial anesthesia, clonic convulsion.

Last Update：2024-04-17 09:56:49

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Toxicology

toxicity

This product is also the same as other phthalate esters, can cause functional changes in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, and then further cause their organizational changes. Hepatic tropism. Can cause mild sensitization. With a moderate degree of accumulation and mild stimulation.

Acute toxicity

LD5012000mg/kg (Rat oral);5282 μg/kg (mouse oral);LC507900μg/m3 (rat inhalation);2100 μg/m3 (Mouse Inhalation)

subacute and chronic toxicity

rats were fed for 1.25% × 1 years (feeding). Some animals died in the first week, and no tissue lesion occurred. Human 10g Nausea by mouth, dizziness, lacrimation, photophobia and conjunctivitis.

Last Update：2024-04-17 09:57:01

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Supplementary Information

Overview	Dibutyl phthalate is also known as Dibutyl phthalate or Dibutyl Ester, English: Dibutyl phosphate, colorless and transparent oily liquid, specific gravity 1.045(21 ℃), boiling point 340 ℃, insoluble in water, water-soluble and volatile are very low, but soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and benzene and other organic solvents can be miscible with most hydrocarbons. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) are the three most common plasticizers, which are commonly used in plastics, synthetic rubber and artificial leather. It is prepared by heating esterification of phthalic anhydride and n-butanol.
reference quality standard	index name high-grade product first-grade product Appearance transparent oily liquid Color (APHA)≤ 20 25 60 Ester content% ≥ 99.5 99.0 99.0 Acidity (as phthalic acid)% ≤ 0.010 0.015 0.030 Heating loss (125oC3 hours)%≤ 0.3 0.5 0.7 Flash point (Open Cup method) oC ≥ 160 160 160 Specific gravity D30MD 1.044-1.048 0.044-0.048 0.044-0.048
dibutyl phthalate (DBP) applications and characteristics	This product is a kind of plasticizer with strong dissolving power for many kinds of resins. It is a non-toxic plasticizer used in PVC processing, which can give good flexibility to products. It is used in nitric acid fiber coating and has excellent solubility, dispersibility, adhesion and water resistance. The flexibility, flexibility and stability of the paint film are good. However, the volatility and water extractability are large, and thus the durability is poor. Plastics, synthetic rubber, artificial leather and other commonly used plasticizers, can also be used as polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resin, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, Chloroprene Rubber, fiber butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose polyacetic acid, plasticizers for vinyl esters. It can also be used in the manufacture of paints, standing agents, artificial leather, printing inks, safety glass, cellulite, dyes, pesticide solvents and fixatives, fabric lubricants and rubber softeners.
safety considerations	DBP pure products closed cup flash point 171°C, Open Cup ignition point 399°C, low toxicity, but for individuals may have a skin irritation. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 5mg/m3 ~ 0.4ppm(v/v), and the foam and sand carbon dioxide can be used for extinguishing the fire.
Chemical properties	colorless and transparent oily liquid, with slightly aromatic odor. Soluble in common organic solvents and hydrocarbons.
purpose	mainly used as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride and other plasticizers
purpose	the product is a plasticizer. It has a strong solubility for a variety of resins. Mainly used in PVC processing, can be given in the product of good flexibility. Because of its relatively low price and good processability, it is widely used in China, and it is equivalent to DOP. However, the volatility and water extraction is large, so the durability of the product is poor, and its use should be gradually limited. The product is a good increase in the plasticity of cellulose nitrate, gel ability. For nitrocellulose coating, there is a good softening effect. Stability, flex resistance, adhesion and water resistance are excellent. In addition, the product can also be used as polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resin, ethyl cellulose and chloroprene rubber plasticizer, can also be used in the manufacture of paints, adhesives, artificial leather, printing ink, safety glass, celluloid, dyes, pesticides, perfume solvents, fabric lubricants, etc.
purpose	used as stationary liquid, solvent and plasticizer for gas chromatography
purpose	as cellulose ester, salt and natural rubber, polystyrene plasticizer; Make polyvinyl chloride and its copolymer have cold resistance
production method	The esterification reaction was carried out at normal pressure using phthalic anhydride and n-butanol as raw materials and sulfuric acid as catalyst. After completion of the reaction, the reaction was neutralized with alkali and washed with water, followed by dealcoholization and pressure filtration to obtain a finished product. There are two kinds of Processing Technology: batch method and continuous method. Raw material consumption quota: phthalic anhydride 540kg/t, butanol (95%)560kg/t.
category	flammable liquid
toxicity classification	poisoning
Acute toxicity	oral-rat LD50: 7499 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 3484 mg/kg
explosive hazard characteristics	mixed with air, heated, flame can be broken
flammability hazard characteristics	in case of open flame, high temperature, strong oxidant flammable; Combustion emission stimulation smoke
storage and transportation characteristics	complete packaging, Light Light; Warehouse ventilation, away from the open flame, high temperature, and oxidant storage separately
extinguishing agent	foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand
Occupational criteria	TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3; Tel 10 mg/m3

Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Relevant laws

Open Data Unverified Data

EU

The use of this substance in cosmetics, including nail polish, is prohibited by EU Directive 768/EEC 1976.

The use of DBP in children's toys has also been restricted since 1999.

United States

DBP has been on the California position 65 (1986) list of suspected teratogens since 11.2006. All major producers have reduced the use of this substance in nail polish from the fall of 2006.

The permanent ban on the use of DBP in children's toys and childcare articles in concentrations exceeding 1000 ppm was established by the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008,CPSIA) as specified in section 108.

Last Update：2024-04-17 12:39:03

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Impact on the environment

migration in the environment: for phthalate esters, hydrolysis, volatilization and photolysis are not their important reaction processes. It is estimated that the hydrolysis half-life of phthalate esters varies from 3.2 years for diethyl phthalate to years for 2-ethylhexyl phthalate. Due to their lower vapor pressure, their volatilization loss is small or almost no. Although there are no reports on the photolysis of phthalates, it can be inferred from the phenomenon that there is no spectral absorption in the ultraviolet and visible range that they are difficult to carry out photochemical reactions. Experimental studies have shown that the biological enrichment of phthalate esters, this conclusion is confirmed by the results of field studies, because the experimenter found that aquatic organisms have obvious residues of such compounds.

Last Update：2024-04-09 21:01:54

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Environmental standards

The former Soviet Union (1975) health standard workshop 0.5mg/m3

The maximum allowable concentration of harmful substances in the atmosphere in residential areas of the former Soviet Union (1975) was 0.1mg/m3 (maximum)

China (GHZB1-1999) surface water environment quality standard (I, II, III waters) 0.003mg/L

China (GB8978-1996) Integrated Wastewater discharge standard

Grade I: 0.2mg/L
Grade II: 0.4mg/L
Grade 3: 2.0mg/L

Last Update：2024-04-09 21:21:28

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER - Reference Information

relative polarity	0.272
freezing point	-35 ℃
Henry's Law Constant	6.3 x 10-5 atm?m3/mol (quoted, Petrasek et al., 1983)
LogP	4.46-4.57 at 20-30℃
NIST chemical information	information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link)
EPA chemical substance information	information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link)
Overview	Dibutyl phthalate also known as Dibutyl phthalate or Dibutyl Ester, English: Dibutyl phthlate, is a colorless transparent oily liquid, specific gravity 1.045(21 ° C), boiling point 340 ° C, insoluble in water, water-soluble and volatile are very low, but soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and benzene and other organic solvents can be miscible with most hydrocarbons. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) are the three most common plasticizers, which are commonly used in plastics, synthetic rubber and artificial leather. It is prepared by heating esterification of phthalic anhydride and n-butanol.
hazard	dibutyl phthalate is an emerging polyvinyl chloride plasticizer commonly used in industrial production, which is easily released into the environment during processing and use, it causes adverse effects such as tissue canceration, developmental malformation, reproductive toxicity and gene mutation.
reference quality standard	index name high-grade product first-grade product appearance transparent oily liquid color (APHA)≤ 20 25 60 ester content% ≥ 99.5 99.0 99.0 acidity (as phthalic acid)% ≤ 0.010 0.015 0.030 heating loss (125oC3 hours)% ≤ 0.3 0.5 0.7 flash point (Open Cup method) oC ≥ 160 160 160 specific gravity D30MD 1.044-1.048 0.044-0.048 0.044-0.048
dibutyl phthalate (DBP) use and characteristics	This product is a variety of resins with a strong dissolution of plasticizers. It is a non-toxic plasticizer used in PVC processing, which can give good flexibility to products. It is used in nitric acid fiber coating and has excellent solubility, dispersibility, adhesion and water resistance. The flexibility, flexibility and stability of the paint film are good. However, the volatility and water extractability are large, and thus the durability is poor. Plastics, synthetic rubber, artificial leather and other commonly used plasticizers, can also be used as polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resin, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, Chloroprene Rubber, fiber butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose polyacetic acid, plasticizers for vinyl esters. It can also be used in the manufacture of paints, standing agents, artificial leather, printing inks, safety glass, cellulite, dyes, pesticide solvents and fixatives, fabric lubricants and rubber softeners.
safety precautions	the flash point of the closed cup of pure DBP product is 171°C, and the ignition point of the Open Cup is 399°C, with low toxicity, but for an individual, it can be irritating to the skin. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 5mg/m3 ~ 0.4ppm(v/v), and the foam and sand carbon dioxide can be used for extinguishing the fire.
purpose	mainly used as plasticizer for nitrocellulose, acetate fiber, polyvinyl chloride, etc. This product is plasticizer. It has a strong solubility for a variety of resins. Mainly used in PVC processing, can be given in the product of good flexibility. Because of its relatively low price and good processability, it is widely used in China, and it is equivalent to DOP. However, the volatility and water extraction is large, so the durability of the product is poor, and its use should be gradually limited. The product is a good increase in the plasticity of cellulose nitrate, gel ability. For nitrocellulose coating, there is a good softening effect. Stability, flex resistance, adhesion and water resistance are excellent. In addition, the product can also be used as polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resin, ethyl cellulose and chloroprene rubber plasticizer, can also be used in the manufacture of paints, adhesives, artificial leather, printing ink, safety glass, celluloid, dyes, pesticides, perfume solvents, fabric lubricants, etc. used as gas chromatography stationary liquid, solvent and plasticizer used as cellulose ester, salt and natural rubber, polystyrene plasticizer; Make polyvinyl chloride and its copolymer have cold resistance organic synthesis, ion selective electrode additives, solvents, pesticides, plasticizers, gas chromatography stationary liquid (maximum use temperature 100 ℃, solvent acetone, benzene, dichloromethane, ethanol), selective retention and separation of aromatic compounds, unsaturated compounds, terpene compounds and various oxygenates (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, etc.).
production method	The esterification reaction was carried out at atmospheric pressure using phthalic anhydride and n-butanol as raw materials and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. After completion of the reaction, the reaction was neutralized with an alkali solution and washed with water, followed by dealcoholation and pressure filtration to obtain a finished product. There are two kinds of Processing Technology: batch method and continuous method. Raw material consumption quota: phthalic anhydride 540kg/t, butanol (95%)560kg/t.
category	flammable liquid
toxicity grade	poisoning
Acute toxicity	oral-rat LD50: 7499 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 3484 mg/kg
explosive hazard characteristics	mixture with air, heat, open flame can be broken
flammability hazard characteristics	flammable in open flame, high temperature, strong oxidant; combustion emissions
storage and transportation characteristics	The package is complete, light, light; The warehouse is ventilated, away from open flame, high temperature, separate from oxidant
fire extinguishing agent	foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand
Occupational Standard	TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3; Tel 10 mg/m3
spontaneous combustion temperature	756 ° F.
toxic substance data	information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)
immediate life-and health-threatening concentration	4,000 mg/m3